تاثیر آموزش عالی زنان بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای منتخب عضو اوپک و شمال آفریقا

نویسندگان
الناز حاجبی
محمدجواد رزمی
دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
10.18869/acadpub.jemr.6.24.175
چکیده


بخش وسیعی از ادبیات رشد اقتصادی که به مسایل مرتبط با آموزش و توسعه می پردازند حاکی از جایگزینی تدریجی کیفیت انسانها به جای کمیت آنها در فرایند توسعه است.ارتقای آموزش زنان و نقش آن در رشد اقتصادی را باید از همین دیدگاه مورد توجه قرارداد. بسیاری از مطالعات تجربی اخیر تاثیر آموزش عالی به تفکیک جنسیتی بر رشد اقتصادی را مورد بررسی قرار داده اند. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعات بیانگر آن است که آموزش عالی زنان اثر مثبتی بر رشد اقتصادی داشته است.

این مطالعه به تحلیل و بررسی نقش آموزش عالی زنان در رشد اقتصادی کشورهای منتخب نفت خیز عضو اوپک و شمال آفریقا (شامل کشورهای ایران، قطر، کویت، امارات متحده عربی، عربستان سعودی، ونزوئلا، الجزایر، اکوادور، مراکش و تونس) پرداخته است. روش مورد استفاده در این مقاله روش پنل دیتا ( داده های تابلویی) در دوره زمانی 1991 تا 2010 بوده و مدل مورد استفاده مدل نئوکلاسیکی منکیو-رومر-ویل است که در آن از هر سه سطح آموزش ابتدایی، دبیرستان و دانشگاهی استفاده می شود.

با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده مشاهده می شود آموزش عالی زنان اثر مثبت و معنی داری بر نرخ رشد درآمد سرانه در این کشورها داشته است که بیانگر اهمیت بالای آموزش عالی زنان در تسریع رشد اقتصادی کشورهای مورد مطالعه می باشد.

با توجه به توصیف نظری و آماری صورت گرفته در این مطالعه ، لازم است در این کشورها با اتخاذ سیاستهای مناسب جهت توسعه علمی به منظور رشد اقتصادی، سرمایه گذاری در زمینه آموزش عالی زنان متناسب با الگوهای ارتقای نظام آموزش عالی بیش از پیش مورد توجه قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
آموزش عالی زنان
اوپک و شمال آفریقا
رشد اقتصادی

عنوان مقاله English

Effect of Women's Higher Education on Economic Growth in Some OPEC and North Africa Countries

نویسندگان English

Elnaz Hajebi
Mohammad Javad Razmi
چکیده English

A great portion of economic growth deals with education and development implies a gradual substitution of human quality instead of their quantity in development process. Improvement and higher education of women and their role in economic growth should be considered from this aspect. Recently, many empirical studies have evaluated the effect of higher education based on sexual separation on economic growth. The result of these studies shows that the higher education of women has a positive impact on economic growth. This paper, analyses the role of women higher education in economic growth of some OPEC member countries and North Africa including: Iran, Qatar, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Algeria, Ecuador, Morocco and Tunisia. This paper uses panel data over 1991-2010 period and a modified neo-classical Mankiw-Romer-Weil growth model which all levels of education are employed. The results of this study indicate that women higher education has positive and significant effect on GDP per capita in these countries which shows the high importance of women higher education in expediting the economic growth of the studied countries.Bearing in mind, the empirical and statistical description in this study, it appears it is necessary for these countries to invest in higher education of women proportionate to the higher educations by means of adopting suitable policies for scientific development necessary for economic growth.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Women’s Higher Education
OPEC and North Africa Countries
Economic Growth
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تحقیقات مدلسازی اقتصادی
دوره 7، شماره 24 - شماره پیاپی 24
تابستان 1395
صفحه 175-200