بررسی آثار اقتصادی بکارگیری سیاست‌های غیرقیمتی در مصرف حامل‌های انرژی

نویسنده
موسی خوشکلام خسروشاهی
دانشگاه الزهرا
10.29252/jemr.8.29.37
چکیده
علاوه بر سیاست‏های قیمتی، سیاست‏های غیرقیمتی همانند بهبود کارایی در مصرف حامل‏های انرژی می‏توانند نقش موثری در کاهش مقدار مصرف انرژی و افزایش استفاده بهینه از انرژی در کشور داشته باشند. طبق ادبیات اقتصاد انرژی، بهبود کارایی در مصرف انرژی توام با اثرات بازگشتی هستند که در آن عایدی‌های انتظاری ناشی از بهبود در کارایی مصرف انرژی تا حدودی خنثی می‌شوند. هدف مقاله ارزیابی آثار اقتصادی ناشی از بهبود کارایی در مصرف حامل‏های انرژی (بنزین، گازوئیل و برق) به‌عنوان سیاستی غیرقیمتی است. برای این منظور از مدل تعادل عمومی قابل محاسبه مبتنی بر ماتریس حسابداری احتماعی استفاده شده است. نتایج نشان می‏دهد بهبود 10 درصد در کارایی مصرف حامل‏های انرژی باعث می‏شود تا بیشترین اثرات بازگشتی (مربوط به بنزین) در بخش حمل‏ونقل با 8/29 درصد، بیشترین اثرات بازگشتی (مربوط به گازوئیل) در بخش حمل‏ونقل با 7/24 درصد و بیشترین اثرات بازگشتی (مربوط به برق) در بخش سایر خدمات با 5/24 درصد رخ دهد. اثرات بازگشتی مربوط به بخش خانوار نیز در مورد بنزین، گازوئیل و برق به ترتیب برابر با 1/23، 8/17 و 9/27 درصد می‏باشند. همچنین بهبود 10 درصد در کارایی مصرف حامل‌های انرژی باعث می‏شود تا بیشترین افزایش در سطح تولید بخش‏های اقتصادی مربوط به بنزین، گازوئیل و برق به ترتیب در بخش‏های «حمل‏ونقل»، «حمل‏ونقل» و «سایر خدمات» با 62/0، 51/0 و 32/0 درصد باشند. علاوه بر این، بهبود 10 درصد در کارایی مصرف بنزین، گازوئیل و برق باعث می‏شود تا تولید ناخالص داخلی به ترتیب معادل 17/0، 15/0 و 11/0 درصد با افزایش همراه باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
حامل‌های انرژی
کارایی مصرف و مدل تعادل عمومی قابل محاسبه

عنوان مقاله English

Economic Impacts of Adopting Non-Price Energy Consumption Policies

نویسنده English

Musa Khoshkalam
Alzahra university
چکیده English

Price policies are one of the most permissive policies in Iranian economic for controlling energy carrier's consumption. In addition, the non-price policies such as energy efficiency improvement are effective for controlling energy carrier's consumption. This paper assesses the economic impacts of energy efficiency improvement (in gasoline, gasoil and electric) as a non-price policy. For the purposes of this paper computable general equilibrium (CGE) model based on social accounting matrix (SAM) is used. The social accounting matrix is aggregated in 12 activities and 14 commodities. The CGE model blocks are: production block, institution block, trade block, Investment block and system constraint block. The results show that, first 10 percent improvement in energy efficiency makes the highest rebound effects (of gasoline) in the transport sector with 29.8 percent, the highest rebound effect (of gasoil) in the transport sector with 24.7% and the highest rebound effect (of electricity) in the other services sector with 24.5 percent. Second 10 percent improvement in energy efficiency causes the greatest increase in the output level of sectors (related to gasoline, gasoil and electricity) respectively, in the "transport", "transport" and "other services" by 0.62, 0.51 and 0.32 percent. Thirdly 10 percent improvement in energy efficiency increases the GDP respectively 0.17, 0.15 and 0.11 percent.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Energy Carriers
Efficiency
CGE
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