تأثیر ادوار سیاسی بر طرح‌های عمرانی: مطالعه موردی استان‌های ایران

نویسندگان
حسین امیری 1
فرزانه صمدیان 2
1 دانشگاه خوارزمی
2 دانشگاه علامه طباطایی
10.29252/jemr.8.30.7
چکیده


طرح‌های عمرانی از ملزومات اساسی رشد و توسعه پایدار به شمار می‌آیند. روال ناکارآمد تصویب و اجرای طرح‌های عمرانی، بدون تناسب با ظرفیت‌های مالی و اجرایی، حجم عظیمی از پروژه‌های ناتمام و بعضاً متوقف را بر اقتصاد ملی تحمیل کرده است. هدف اصلی مقاله حاضر پاسخ به این سوال‌ است که آیا ادوار سیاسی بر روند تصویب و اجرای طرح‌های عمرانی استانی تأثیرگذار است یا نه؟ برای پاسخ به سوال مورد نظر، مقاله پیش‌رو، دو فرضیه را مد نظر قرار داده است. فرضیه اول، ادوار سیاسی بر سرنوشت طرح‌های عمرانی تأثیرگذار است و فرضیه دوم، میزان اثرگذاری ادوار سیاسی بر روند تصویب و اجرای طرح‌های عمرانی در سال قبل از وقوع سیکل سیاسی (انتخابات) بزرگ‌تر است. ازاین‌رو، جهت برآورد مدل و آزمون فرضیه تحقیق از روش داده‌های تابلویی پویا و تخمین‌زننده گشتاور تعمیم یافته طی ‌سال‌های 1393-1376 استفاده شده است.

نتایج حاصل از آزمون دو فرضیه حاکی از آن است که، سیکل سیاسی مجلس و ریاست جمهوری ارتباط مثبت و معناداری با اعتبارات عمرانی دارد و سیکل سیاسی ریاست جمهوری تأثیر بیشتری بر اعتبارات عمرانی دارد به این معنا که اثرگذاری ادوار سیاسی ریاست جمهوری بر روند تصویب و اجرای طرح‌های عمرانی در سال قبل از وقوع سیکل سیاسی بزرگ‌تر است. در این راستا، برای از بین بردن اثر سیکل سیاسی دولت و نمایندگان مجلس بر طرح‌های عمرانی، تعیین مرجعی که از صلاحیت کارشناسی لازم و همچنین استقلال و قدرت نظارتی کافی بر مطالعات توجیهی طرح‌ها برخوردار است، پیشنهاد می‌شود. زیرا، مرجع یادشده به صورت بی‌طرف طرح‌ها را تنها براساس مطالعات توجیهی – فنی و نیاز منطقه به تصویب می‌رساند و از تصویب طرح‌های عمرانی براساس ملاحظات سیاسی دولت و نمایندگان مجلس‌ جلوگیری می‌کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
ادوار سیاسی
طرح‌های عمرانی
استان‌های ایران

عنوان مقاله English

The Impact of Political Cycles on Construction Projects: A Case Study of Provinces in Iran

نویسندگان English

Hossien Amiri 1
Fatemeh Samadian 2
1 Kharazmi University
2 Kharazmi University
چکیده English

Construction projects are the basic requirements of sustainable development and growth. Inefficient procedures of implementing the construction projects, regardless of our financial and administrative capacities, has imposed a large amount of unfinished and occasionally stopped projects to national economy. Since there are various components that affect the fate of projects, therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to answer this question that whether the political cycles affect the adoption and implementation of provincial construction projects or not? In order to answer this question, two hypotheses are considered in this paper. Therefore, GMM dynamic method was used to estimate the model and test hypothesis in the years 1997-2014. Hypothesis one: political cycles affect the fate of construction projects, and the second hypothesis: the impact of political cycles on the adoption and implementation of construction projects are larger in the year prior to political cycle (election). Therefore, in order to estimate the model and test the research hypothesis, provincial data during the years was used. Results of testing two hypotheses suggest that parliamentary and presidential political cycles have a significant positive correlation with the construction projects. Results also show that the presidential political cycle has a larger impact on construction projects, meaning that the impact of political cycles on the process of adopting and implementing the construction projects in the year prior to the political cycle is larger. In this regard, in order to eliminate the impacts of the governmental and parliamentary political cycle on construction projects, it is recommended to determine a competent authority that has the necessary qualifications as well as the sufficient degree of independence and supervision power over the project's Feasibility studies. The referenced mentioned will be approve projects based on objective justification-technical and district-based studies and it prevents the adoption of development plans based on the political considerations of the government and parliamentarians.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Political Cycles
Construction Projects
Provinces of Iran
GMM Panel
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