بررسی تأثیر عدم تطبیق مهارت بر نرخ بیکاری در ایران

نویسندگان
سعید عیسی زاده
محمد کاظم نظیری
هادی نائینی
دانشگاه بوعلی سینا همدان
10.29252/jemr.8.30.79
چکیده
یکی از دلایل بروز بیکاری، نبود تناسب بین مهارت افراد و نیازهای موجود برای مهارت در جامعه است. این نوع عدم تطبیق بین عرضه و تقاضای نیروی کار بویژه از نظر مهارت، به عنوان بیکاری ساختاری تعریف می‌شود. از این رو در پژوهش حاضر تأثیر عدم تطبیق مهارت به عنوان یکی از اصلی‌ترین پارامترهای بیکاری ساختاری بر نرخ بیکاری به شکل کمی مورد بررسی قرار می‌گیرد. بدین منظور از اطلاعات موجود در طرح آمار‌گیری نیروی کار از سال 1384 تا سال 1391 استفاده شده است. شاخص عدم تطبیق مهارت از مجموع مجذورات اختلاف در عرضه و تقاضای مهارت محاسبه می‌شود. بر اساس نتایج تحقیق، عدم تطبیق مهارت تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر نرخ بیکاری دارد؛ بطوریکه یک درصد افزایش در شاخص عدم تطبیق مهارت سبب افزایش نرخ بیکاری به میزان 13/0درصد می‌شود. بنابراین تولید دقیق اطلاعات در مورد فرصت‌های شغلی خالی، تغییر متون درسی به خصوص در بخش آموزش عالی، متناسب با تغییر سلایق کار فرمایان به منظور به روز رسانی دانش و نیازهای بازار کار امری ضروری است که باید بیشتر مورد توجه واقع شوند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عدم تطبیق مهارت
نرخ بیکاری
شاخص عدم تطبیق مهارت
داده های تابلویی

عنوان مقاله English

The Effect of Skill Mismatch on Unemployment Rate in Iran

نویسندگان English

Saeed Eisazadeh
Mohammad Kazem Naziri
Hadi Naeini
Bu-Ali-Sina University
چکیده English



One of the causes of unemployment is lack of fit between individual skill and needs for skills in the community. The situation of mismatch between the demand and supply of labour, particularly in terms of skills is defined as structural unemployment. Therefore, in this study quantitatively explores the impact of skill mismatches one of the main parameters of structural unemployment on unemployment rate. For this purpose of information available in the Labour Force Survey from 2006 to 2013 is used. Skill mismatch index is calculated from the root mean square error in supply and demand for skills. According to results of this study, skill mismatch have a significantly and positively effects on the unemployment rate. So thata1%increase in skill mismatch index led to an increase in the unemployment rate will be 0.13%. Therefore, creating exact information about job vacancies , reforming the contexts of courses and creating new fields in new areas according to necessities of entrepreneurs in order to updating of applicants knowledge should be mentioned.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Skill Mismatch
Unemployment Rate
Skill Mismatch Index
panel data
 Akbaripur, S. (2005). Look at the situation of employment and unemployment of university graduates. Labor and Society journal, 10(53), 43-46.
 Akbaripur, S. (2005). Look at the situation of employment and unemployment of university graduates. Labor and Society journal, 10(53), 43-46.
 Amini, A. (2005). Investigation imbalance of regional labor market. Journal of planning and Budgeingt, 9(86), 3-36.
 Amini, A. (2005). Investigation imbalance of regional labor market. Journal of planning and Budgeingt, 9(86), 3-36.
 Ashrafzadeh, M., Mehregan, N. (2008). Econometric panel data. Tehran University: Cooperative Research Institute.
 Ashrafzadeh, M., Mehregan, N. (2008). Econometric panel data. Tehran University: Cooperative Research Institute.
 Azizi, N. (2003). Education and labor market: Youth preparation with qualifications and skills. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities University of Shiraz, 20(1), 58-70.
 Azizi, N. (2003). Education and labor market: Youth preparation with qualifications and skills. Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities University of Shiraz, 20(1), 58-70.
 ECB. (2012).Euro area labour markets and the crisis.Structural Issues Report No.138, Frankfurt am Main: European Central Bank.
 ECB. (2012).Euro area labour markets and the crisis.Structural Issues Report No.138, Frankfurt am Main: European Central Bank.
 Eisazadeh, S., Naeini, H. (2016). Structural unemployment and labor mobility in Iran. Political & Economic Ettelaat, 30(303), 178-191.
 Eisazadeh, S., Naeini, H. (2016). Structural unemployment and labor mobility in Iran. Political & Economic Ettelaat, 30(303), 178-191.
 Eisazadeh, S., Naziri, M., Naeini, H. (2016). Measuring indicators of first and second type of skill mismatch in Iran. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 22(4), 113-132.
 Eisazadeh, S., Naziri, M., Naeini, H. (2016). Measuring indicators of first and second type of skill mismatch in Iran. Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning in Higher Education, 22(4), 113-132.
 Entorf, H. (1996). Do aggregate measures of mismatch measure mismatch? A time series analysis of existing concepts.INSEE-CREST Discussion Paper, No. 9318.
 Entorf, H. (1996). Do aggregate measures of mismatch measure mismatch? A time series analysis of existing concepts.INSEE-CREST Discussion Paper, No. 9318.
 Estevão, M. &Tsounta, E. (2011). Has the great recession raised US structural unemployment?,IMF Working Paper, No.11/105. Washington: International Monetary Fund. [DOI:10.5089/9781455260409.001]
 Estevão, M. &Tsounta, E. (2011). Has the great recession raised US structural unemployment?,IMF Working Paper, No.11/105. Washington: International Monetary Fund. [DOI:10.5089/9781455260409.001]
 Humal, K. (2013). Education-Occupation mismatch and its effect on unemployment in Sweden. Open Access- Lund University Publications, Department of Economics.
 Humal, K. (2013). Education-Occupation mismatch and its effect on unemployment in Sweden. Open Access- Lund University Publications, Department of Economics.
 ILO. (2013).Global employment trends for youth 2013: A generation at risk. Geneva: ILO.
 ILO. (2013).Global employment trends for youth 2013: A generation at risk. Geneva: ILO.
 ILO. Key indicators of the labour market 15(KILM 15). Skills mismatch.
 ILO. Key indicators of the labour market 15(KILM 15). Skills mismatch.
 Neugar, M.&Schömann, K. (2002). Employment Outlooks: Why Forecast the Labour Market and for Whom?.Discussion paper FS I 02-206, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin fürSozialforschung.
 Neugar, M.&Schömann, K. (2002). Employment Outlooks: Why Forecast the Labour Market and for Whom?.Discussion paper FS I 02-206, Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin fürSozialforschung.
 Obadic, A. (2006). Theoretical and empirical framework of measuring mismatch on a labour market.Journal of Economics and Business, 24(1), pp. 55-80.
 Obadic, A. (2006). Theoretical and empirical framework of measuring mismatch on a labour market.Journal of Economics and Business, 24(1), pp. 55-80.
 Statistical Center of Iran, the Labour Force Survey from 2005 to 2012.
 Statistical Center of Iran, the Labour Force Survey from 2005 to 2012.
 Turvey, R. (1977). Structural change and structural unemployment.InternationalLabour Review, 116 (2),pp. 209-215.
 Turvey, R. (1977). Structural change and structural unemployment.InternationalLabour Review, 116 (2),pp. 209-215.
Zimmer, H. (2012). Labour market mismatches.Economic Review, National Bank of Belgium, Issue II, pp. 55-68, September.
Zimmer, H. (2012). Labour market mismatches.Economic Review, National Bank of Belgium, Issue II, pp. 55-68, September.