ارتباط بین جای پای اکولوژیک و رشد اقتصادی در کشورهای D8: آزمون فرضیه زیست محیطی کوزنتس با استفاده از مدل PSTR

نویسنده
دانشگاه گلستان
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر به بررسی منحنی کلاسیک زیست محیطی کوزنتس در بین هشت کشور اسلامی در دوره 2016-1961 می‌پردازد. منحنی کلاسیک زیست محیطی کوزنتس ارتباط رشد اقتصادی و تخریب محیط‌زیست را به شکل U وارونه نشان می‌دهد. در این مقاله برای آزمون فرضیه وجود این ارتباط از دو روش برآورد سری زمانی و برآورد انتقال ملایم پانلی استفاده شد. همچنین از شاخص جای پای اکولوژیک به‌عنوان شاخص تخریب محیط‌زیست استفاده شد. نتایج برآورد سری زمانی نشان از آن دارد که ارتباط غیرخطی در هر هشت کشور وجود دارد اما فرضیه کلاسیک کوزنتس تنها در مالزی، مصر و ترکیه تأیید شد و در سایر کشورها ارتباط به شکل U وارونه نبود. در ایران ارتباط بین تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه و شاخص جای پای اکولوژیک سرانه به شکل N است و در سطوح تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه 5864 دلار و 10514 دلار جهت ارتباط این دو متغیر تغییر خواهد کرد. از سوی دیگر آزمون فرضیه کوزنتس با استفاده از مدل‌های انتقال ملایم پانلی نشان داد که در بین این کشورها ارتباط غیرخطی با یک حد آستانه بین تولید ناخالص داخلی و جای پای اکولوژیک وجود داشته است. به‌گونه‌ای بود که در رشدهای اقتصادی زیر 3/8 درصد ارتباط مستقیم و در رشدهای اقتصادی بالای 3/8 ارتباط عکس بین تولید ناخالص داخلی و جای پای اکولوژیک وجود دارد
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Relationship between Ecological Footprint and Economic Growth in D8 Countries: Testing the Kuznets Environmental Hypothesis Using PSTR Model

نویسنده English

Hassan Daliri
Golestan University
چکیده English

This study examines the Kuznets environmental curve among D8 countries in the period 1961–2016. The Kuznets environmental curve shows the reversed U-shaped relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation. In this paper, two methods of time series estimation and smooth panel transition estimation were used to test the hypothesis of this relationship. Also, the ecological footprint index was used as an indicator of environmental degradation. The time series estimation results show that there is a nonlinear relationship in all D8 countries but the classical Kuznets hypothesis was confirmed only in Malaysia, Egypt and Turkey and in other countries the relationship was not inverted U. In Iran, the relationship between GDP per capita and the per capita ecological footprint is N-shaped, and at the GDP levels of $5864 and $10514, the relationship between the two variables will change. On the other hand, testing of the Kuznets hypothesis by using panel smooth transition models showed that there was a nonlinear relationship between GDP and ecological footprint in D8 countries with a threshold. There was a direct relationship between ecological footprint and GDP per capita when economic growth below 8.3 percent and reverse relationship when economic growth above 8.3 percent

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Ecological Footprint
Kuznets Curve
Economic Growth
Environment
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