تأثیر تعاملی نهاد ریسک و فراوانی منابع طبیعی بر فضای کارآفرینی در کشورهای منتخب

نویسندگان
ابوالفضل شاه آبادی 1
مرضیه جعفری قزوینیان 2
ثمینه قاسمی فر 3
1 گروه اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران
2 دانشگاه آزاد واحد الکترونیکی، ایران
3 دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه الزهرا، ایران
چکیده
توسعه فضای کارآفرینی با کمک به تربیت و پرورش کارآفرینان و افزایش توانایی، گرایش و اشتیاق به کارآفرینی بر رشد اقتصادی و اجتماعی جوامع اثر مطلوبی دارد. زیرا کارآفرینی منبع نوآوری، اشتغال‌زایی و رشد و توسعه اقتصادی است. بنابرین بررسی عوامل موثر بر فضای کارآفرینی در مباحث مربوط به اقتصاد و مدیریت از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. در این راستا مطالعه حاضر سعی دارد تأثیر تعاملی نهاد ریسک شامل ریسک‌های سیاسی، اقتصادی، مالی و فراوانی منابع طبیعی را بر فضای کارآفرینی در کشورهای منتخب غنی از منابع طی دوره 2018-2014 مورد بررسی قرار دهد. به‌ منظور دستیابی به این هدف، مدل تحقیق با رهیافت داده‌های تابلویی و به روش‌ گشتاورهای تعمیم‌یافته برآورد گردیده است. نتایج نشان داد، تأثیر انفرادی ریسک‌های سیاسی، اقتصادی و مالی و فراوانی منابع طبیعی بر فضای کارآفرینی در کشورهای منتخب منفی و معنادار است. همچنین تأثیر تعاملی ریسک‌های سیاسی، اقتصادی و مالی با فراوانی منابع طبیعی بر فضای کارآفرینی کشورهای منتخب منفی و معنادار است. اما ضریب تخمینی اثر تعاملی آنها از ضریب تخمینی اثر انفرادی آنها بزرگتر است. همچنین تأثیر متغیرهای کنترلی شکاف جنسیتی و نرخ بیکاری بر فضای کارآفرینی منفی و معنادار و تأثیر حقوق مالکیت فکری بر فضای کارآفرینی مثبت و معنادار است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
فضای کارآفرینی
ریسک سیاسی
ریسک اقتصادی
ریسک مالی
فراوانی منابع طبیعی

عنوان مقاله English

The Interactive Effect of Risk Institution and Natural Resource Abundance on Entrepreneurship Space in Selected Countries

نویسندگان English

Abolfazl Shahabadi 1
Marzieh Jafari Ghazvinian 2
Samineh Ghasemifar 3
1 Alzahra University
2 E-Campus Branch, Islamic Azad University
3 Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran
چکیده English

Development of the entrepreneurship space by helping to nurture entrepreneurs and increase the attitudes, abilities and aspirstions for entrepreneurship has a positive effect on the economic and social growth of societies. Because entrepreneurship is a source of innovation, employment, and economic growth and development. Therefore, determine the factors affecting of the entrepreneurship space is important in the economics and management disciplines. In this regard, the present study attempted to investigate the interactive impact of risk institution including political, economic and financial risks and abundance of natural resources on entrepreneurship space in resource-rich selected countries during the period 2014-2018. In order to achieve this goal, the research model was estimated using panel data approach and generalized moment method in two groups of countries. The results showed that the individual impact of political, economic and financial risks and the abundance of natural resources on the entrepreneurship space in the selected countries were negative and significant. Also, the interactive impact of political, economic and financial risks with the abundance of natural resources on the entrepreneurship space in the selected countries is negative and significant. However, the estimated coefficient of their interactive impact is larger than the estimated coefficient of their individual impact. Also, the impact of control variables gender gap and unemployment rate on the entrepreneurship space is negative and significant, and the impact of intellectual property rights on the entrepreneurship space is positive and significant.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Entrepreneurship Space
Risk Institution
Political Risk
Economic Risk
Financial Risk
Natural Resource Abundance
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