پیشنهاد رویکرد مناسب جهت ارزیابی تبعات اقتصادی-اجتماعی بیماری های همه گیر: مطالعه موردی بیماری کرونا

نویسندگان
دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
چکیده
پاندمی کرونا پدیده ای است که با توجه به سرعت انتشار و ویژگی مهارناپذیر خود، جهان را با بحران مواجه نمود. این بحران هر چند به ظاهر ماهیتی صرفاً پزشکی و مرتبط با نظام سلامت داشته و دارد. اما پدیده ای چند بعدی است که آثار و پیامدهای آن در حوزه های مختلف قابل بررسی و ارزیابی است. هدف این مطالعه پیشنهاد رویکرد مناسب در اجرای روش آزمون انتخاب از منظر ناهمگنی ابراز شده در ترجیحات افراد است. در تحقیق حاضر با بهره گیری از روش آزمون انتخاب به شناسایی عوامل تأثیرگذار بر نحوه انتخاب افراد از بین گزینه های مجموعه های انتخاب (شامل بیماری های روحی و روانی، بیکاری، تغییر در فعالیتهای اجتماعی، مشکلات خانوادگی، نگرانی از تبعیض های اجتماعی) پرداخته شد.از آنجا که در آزمون انتخاب، برخی پاسخ دهندگان ممکن است در هنگام بررسی و انتخاب گزینه های مورد نظر خود، همه ویژگی ها یا سطوح ارائه شده را مد نظر قرار ندهند؛ این مساله باعث بروز ناهمگنی در رفتار پاسخ دهندگان می شود. برای بررسی تأثیر این ناهمگنی در فرایند انتخاب افراد مختلف جامعه نمونه (تهران)، در این مطالعه از رویکرد جدید ویژگی های حضوری درونزا در الگوی لاجیت استفاده شد. اطلاعات مورد نیاز تحقیق نیز از طریق تکمیل 384 پرسشنامه به صورت کاملاً تصادفی توسط افراد مختلف در سال 1400 حاصل شد. نتایج حاصل از تخمین دو الگوی لاجیت با لحاظ ویژگیهای حضوری درونزا (EAA) و لاجیت شرطی حاکی از آن است که برآورد میانگین تمایل به پرداخت برای ویژگی های تعریف شده در الگوی (EAA) بیشتر از الگوی لاجیت شرطی می باشد. از آنجا که الگوی (EAA) احتمالات عدم حضور برخی ویژگی ها را در ترجیحات افراد لحاظ می کند حاوی نتایج متقنی برای برآورد میزان تمایل به پرداخت خواهد بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Proposing an Appropriate Approach to Performing “Choice Experiment”: a Case Study of Assessing the Socio-Economic Consequences of the Corona Pandemic

نویسندگان English

Zahra Mehranfard
Amirhossein Mozayani
Abbas Asari arani
Lotfali Agheli
Tarbiat Modares University
چکیده English

The corona pandemic is a phenomenon that has caused a crisis in the world due to its rapid spread and unstoppable nature. This crisis, however, seems to have a purely medical and health-related nature. But it is a multidimensional phenomenon which effects and consequences can be studied and evaluated in various fields.The purpose of this study is to propose an appropriate approach in implementing the choice experiment method from the perspective of heterogeneity expressed in individuals’ preferences. In the present study, using the choice experiment method, the factors influencing the selection of individuals from the options of the selection sets (including mental illness, unemployment, change in social activities, family problems, concerns about social discriminations) have been identified. Because in choice experiment some respondents may not consider all the features or levels provided; This causes heterogeneity in the behavior of respondents. To investigate the effect of this heterogeneity on the selection process of different individuals in the sample population (Tehran), in this study, a new approach of endogenous attribute attendance in the logit model was used. The information required for the research was obtained by completing 384 questionnaires completely randomly by different people in 2021. The results of estimating the two logit models in terms of endogenous attribute attendance (EAA) and conditional logit indicate that the average tendency to Payment for features defined in the model (EAA) is higher than the conditional logit model.
Because the EAA model considers the probabilities of the absence of certain features in individuals' preferences, it will have reliable results for estimating the willingness to pay.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Willingness to Pay
Corona Pandemic
Health
Conditional Logit
Endogenous Attribute Attendance
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