بررسی فقر خانوارها و اثرپذیری آن از مخارج گروه‌های کالایی در ایران: کاربردی از روش داده‌های شبه تابلویی

نویسندگان
شهریار زروکی
مانی موتمنی
نیلوفر گرگانی فیروزجاه
دانشگاه مازندران
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل اثر مخارج گروه­های کالایی بر احتمال فقر خانوار شهری و روستایی در ایران انجام شده است. ابتدا با استفاده از داده­های هزینه- درآمد خانوار سال 1399، خط فقر برمبنای روش 66درصد میانگین سرانه مخارج محاسبه شد، که میزان خط فقر محاسباتی در بین خانوارهای شهری بالاتر از خانوارهای روستایی است. در ادامه الگوی پژوهش با متغیر وابسته محدود و بر اساس داده­های شبه تابلویی در رگرسیون لجستیک با روش اثرات تصادفی برآورد شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان­داد که مخارج گروه ارتباطات بیشترین تأثیر را بر احتمال فقر خانوارها در مناطق شهری و روستایی دارد و میزان تأثیرگذاری این گروه از کالاها در مناطق شهری بیشتر از مناطق روستایی است. در مقابل هزینه­های هتل و رستوران در مناطق شهری تأثیر مثبت بزرگتری بر کاهش احتمال فقر خانوارها نسبت به نقاط روستایی کشور دارد. ولی مخارج کالاهای بادوام در مناطق شهری، حمل و نقل در مناطق روستایی و مخارج تفریحی- امور فرهنگی بر احتمال فقر خانوارها تأثیر معناداری ندارد. همچنین تفاوت معناداری بین اثرگذاری مخارج اثاثه و لوازم خانگی، پوشاک و کفش و بهداشت و درمان در مناطق شهری و روستایی وجود ندارد. بین ویژگی­های اجتماعی خانوار، متغیرهای جنسیت و تحصیلات اثر منفی بر احتمال فقر و متغیرهای بُعد خانوار و وضعیت تأهل تأثیر مستقیم بر احتمال فقر خانوارهای شهری دارند اما این متغیرها بجز بُعد خانوار بر احتمال فقر خانوارهای روستایی تأثیر معناداری ندارند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
فقر
مخارج گروه‌های کالایی
داده‌های شبه تابلویی
ایران

عنوان مقاله English

Study of household poverty and the effect of expenditures of commodity groups on poverty in Iran: Pseudo-panel data method

نویسندگان English

shahryar zaroki
mani motameni
Niloofar Gorgani Firoozjah
University of Mazandaran
چکیده English

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of commodity group expenditures on the probability of urban and rural household poverty in Iran. First, using household expenditure-income data in 1399, the poverty line was calculated based on the method of 66% of the average per capita expenditure, which is higher than urban households than rural households. In the following, the research model is limited by a dependent variable and is estimated based on pseudo-panel data in logistic regression by random effects method. The results showed that the expenditures of the communication group have the greatest impact on the probability of household poverty in urban and rural areas and the impact of this group of goods in urban areas is greater than rural areas. In contrast, hotel and restaurant costs in urban areas have a greater positive effect on reducing the likelihood of household poverty than in rural areas. But the cost of durable goods in urban areas, transportation in rural areas, and the cost of recreation and cultural affairs do not have a significant effect on the likelihood of household poverty. There is also no significant difference between the impact of furniture and household appliances, clothing and footwear and health care in urban and rural areas. Between social characteristics of the household, variables of gender and education have a negative effect on the probability of poverty and variables of household dimension and marital status have a direct effect on the probability of poverty of urban households, but these variables have no significant effect on the probability of poverty of rural households.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Poverty
Commodity groups expenditure
Pseudo-Panel Data
Iran
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