تأثیر وفور منابع طبیعی بر بدهی‌های عمومی در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه: رهیافت میانگین گروهی تلفیقی (PMG)

نویسنده
صاحبه محمدیان منصور
دانشگاه پیام نور
چکیده
علی‌رغم این تصور که اقتصادهای برخوردار از درآمدهای قابل‌توجه منابع طبیعی بایستی ریسک نکول و در نتیجه سهم بدهی عمومی کمتری داشته باشند، این تصور به‌طور کلی معتبر نیست. منابع طبیعی در این کشورها به‌عنوان تضمینی برای دریافت وام‌های عمومی بیشتر عمل می‌کند و آن‌ها را در دام بدهی گرفتار می‌کند. در این راستا مقاله حاضر به بررسی آثار کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت رانت منابع طبیعی بر بدهی‌های عمومی در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه طی سال‌های 2020-2000 پرداخته است. به این منظور، نخست یک مدل با حضور متغیرهای اساسی مؤثر بر بدهی‌های عمومی در کنار متغیر سهم رانت منابع طبیعی از GDP طراحی و با استفاده از آزمون‌های هم‌‌انباشتگی پانلی، وجود رابطه تعادلی بلندمدت بین متغیرهای مدل تأیید شده است. در پایان از رهیافت میانگین‌ گروهی تلفیقی (PMG) به ‌منظور اندازه‌گیری رابطه‌های بلندمدت و کوتاه‌مدت و از آزمون دومیترسکو-هارلین جهت تعیین رابطه علیت استفاده شده است. یافته‌های این تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که اثر سهم رانت منابع طبیعی از GDP، بر بدهی‌های عمومی در کوتاه‌مدت منفی (و معنادار) و در بلندمدت مثبت (و معنادار) است. نتایج آزمون دومیترسکو-هارلین نیز حاکی از وجود یک رابطه علی دوطرفه بین وفور منابعی طبیعی و بدهی‌های عمومی است. بر این اساس می‌توان گفت که وفور منابع طبیعی در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه در بلندمدت به بدهی‌های عمومی بالاتر منجر می‌شود و سطوح بالای بدهی‌های عمومی نیز باعث استخراج سریع منابع طبیعی در این کشورها می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
رانت منابع طبیعی
بدهی‌های عمومی
انباشت بدهی
میانگین گروه تلفیقی
کشورهای درحال‌توسعه

عنوان مقاله English

Impact of Natural Resource Abundance on Public Debt in Developing Countries: Pooled Mean Group (PMG) Approach

نویسنده English

Sahebe Mohamadian Mansour
Payame Noor University
چکیده English

Despite the notion that economies with abundant natural resource revenues should have a lower default risk and thus a lower share of public debt, this notion is not generally valid. Natural resources in these countries serve as a guarantee to procure more public loans and binds them in debt trap. In this regard, this article examines the short-term and long-term effects of natural resource rent on public debt in developing countries during 2000-2020. For this purpose, first, a model was designed with the presence of basic variables affecting public debt, along with the variable of share of natural resource rent from GDP, and using panel co-integration tests, the existence of a long-term equilibrium relationship between the variables of the model was confirmed. Finally, the pooled mean group (PMG) approach was used to measure long-term and short-term relationships, and the e Dumitrescu-Hurlin test was used to determine causality. The findings of this research show that the effect of the share of natural resource rent from GDP on public debt is negative (and significant) in the short term and positive (and significant) in the long term. The results of the Dumitrescu-Hurlin test also indicate the existence of a two-way causal relationship between the abundance of natural resources and public debt. Based on this, it can be said that the abundance of natural resources in developing countries leads to higher public debts in the long term, and high levels of public debts also cause rapid extraction of natural resources in these countries.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Natural Resource Rent
public debt
Debt overhang
Pooled Mean Group
Developing Countries
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