تاثیرگذاری استقلال بانک مرکزی بر توزیع نابرابر درآمد، رشد نقدینگی و عدم ثبات اقتصادی در ایران

نویسندگان
سیدمجتبی فروزان
امیر غلامی
سیدمحمد مهدی احمدی
دانشگاه آزاد تهران شمال
چکیده
ایجاد شرایط لازم برای رشد و توسعه یکی از اهداف هر نظام اقتصادی است که لازمه آن به کارگیری سیاست های صحیح اقتصادی، تشخیص و کاربرد مولفه­های موثر بر رشد، و به تبع آن برقراری ثبات اقتصادی است که منجر به توسعه اقتصادی و حفظ منافع ملی می­شود. لذا جهت رسیدن به رشد اقتصادی و در مسیر توسعه اقتصادی قرار گرفتن، لازم است تا عوامل موثر بر ایجاد رشد اقتصادی را مد نظر قرار دهیم. که از جمله آنها می­توان به مهار تورم (رشد نقدینگی) و کاهش نابرابری درآمد اشاره نمود. در این راستا، بررسی تاثیرگذاری سیاست­های پولی بر این متغیرها (ثبات، نقدینگی و نابرابری)، می تواند موثر و مفید واقع گردد. سیاست­های پولی از جمله مهمترین سیاست­های کلان اقتصادی هستند که در زمره وظایف اصلی بانک­های مرکزی به شمار می­روند. لذا در این پژوهش به بررسی تاثیرگذاری استقلال بانک مرکزی بر رشد نقدینگی، توزیع نابرابر درآمد و ثبات اقتصادی با استفاده از داده­های سری زمانی از سال 1360 تا 1393 می­پردازیم. در مطالعه پیش رو، سه بخش در نظر گرفته شد. بخش اول ارتباط میان استقلال بانک مرکزی و رشد نقدینگی، بخش دوم، ارتباط میان استقلال بانک مرکزی و توزیع درآمد و بخش سوم، ارتباط میان استقلال بانک مرکزی و ثبات اقتصادی می­باشد. در هر بخش تاثیرگذاری شاخص­های اقتصادی استقلال بانک مرکزی نیز بر متغیرهای وابسته مورد نظر بررسی شد. شاخص محاسبه شده برای استقلال بانک مرکزی در این پژوهش شاخص ترکیبی است. نتایج آزمون فرضیه­ها نشان داد استقلال بانک مرکزی رابطه مثبت و معنی‌داری با رشد نقدینگی در کشور ایران و رابطه منفی و معنادار با توزیع نابرابر درآمد طی دوره مورد بررسی و در نهایت ارتباط مثبت و معناداری با ثبات اقتصادی در کشور ایران دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
شاخص های استقلال بانک مرکزی
ضریب جینی
حجم پول
ثبات

عنوان مقاله English

The influence of central bank independence on Gini Coefficient, liquidity growth and economic instability in Iran

نویسندگان English

Seyed Mojtaba Frozan
Amir Gholami
Seyed Mohammad Mehdi Ahmadi
North Tehran Branch
چکیده English

Creating the necessary conditions for growth and development is one of the goals of any economic system, which requires the application of correct economic policies, the identification and application of the components that affect growth, and as a result, the establishment of economic stability that leads to economic development and maintaining interests. It becomes national. Therefore, in order to achieve economic growth and to be on the path of economic development, it is necessary to consider the factors affecting economic growth. Among them, we can point out the control of inflation (growth of liquidity) and the reduction of income inequality. In this regard, examining the impact of monetary policies on these variables (stability, liquidity and inequality) can be effective and useful. Monetary policies are among the most important macroeconomic policies, which are among the main duties of central banks. Therefore, in this research, we investigate the influence of central bank independence on liquidity growth, unequal distribution of income and economic stability using time series data from 1981 to 2014. In the upcoming study, three sections were considered. The first part is the relationship between central bank independence and liquidity growth, the second part is the relationship between central bank independence and income distribution, and the third part is the relationship between central bank independence and economic stability. In each section, the influence of the economic indicators of the central bank's independence on the desired dependent variables was also examined. The calculated index for central bank independence in this study is a composite index. The results of the hypotheses test showed that the independence of the central bank has a positive and significant relationship with the growth of liquidity in Iran and a negative and significant relationship with the unequal distribution of income during the period under review and finally a positive and significant relationship with economic stability in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Central Bank Independence
Money Liquidity
Stability. Gini Coefficient
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